When using a changing criterion design, the BEST demonstration of experimental control would be produced if the:
A. criterion level is changed in equal increments.
B. criterion level is changed slightly on each manipulation.
C. criterion level is set well above that of the behavior.
D. behavior changes concurrently with the criterion level.
Requiring a student who disrupts the class by throwing papers and tipping over chairs to clean the mess up and then clean the rest of the room by sweeping and cleaning desktops is a(n) __________________ procedure.
A. Negative reinforcement
B. Negative punishment
C. Positive punishment
D. Extinction
Which does NOT increase the effectiveness of punishment?
A. availability of alternative responses
B. inability to avoid the punisher
C. intermittent delivery of the punisher
D. reinforcement frequency for alternative behavior
This graph BEST exemplifies:
A. clear demonstration of an effective intervention.
B. a decrease in variability due to the intervention.
C. a change in the level between baseline and intervention phases.
D. a change in the trend between baseline and intervention phases.
Talking out in class results in a child losing a star on his star chart. The loss of a star appears to be an attempt to implement a(n) __________________ procedure.
A. Response cost
B. Negative reinforcement
C. Aversion therapy
D. Errorless learning
Results of a functional assessment reveal that a child engages in hand-biting when she is in a room by herself. The likely function of behavior is:
A. Attention
B. Access to tangibles
C. Escape/avoidance
D. Automatic reinforcement
Holly is learning to use a spoon to feed herself. Applesauce is known to function as a reinforcer. Her teacher has selected the following objective for Holly: "Given a spoon and a 3-ounce dish of applesauce, Holly will independently scoop the applesauce to her mouth." This objective is incomplete. Which component is missing?
A. antecedent stimulus
B. consequence condition
C. prerequisite skill criteria
D. standard of performance
A major benefit of product recording is that:
A. it is the easiest recording method.
B. it is used when a behavior results in a certain tangible outcome.
C. the observer does not have to be present when the behavior occurs.
D. one can always determine who engaged in the behavior that led to the product that was recorded.
A client with a history of escape maintained problem behavior begins to throw the puzzle pieces a few minutes after starting to work on the task. What is the BEST programmatic change for the behavior analyst to make?
A. Remove the puzzle and implement a time-out procedure.
B. Teach the client to request escape using an adaptive behavior.
C. Implement an overcorrection procedure to reduce puzzle piece throwing.
D. Increase the amount of social praise delivered for successful task completion.
Behavioral contracts must includE.
A. a summary of the functional assessment; the target behavior; and the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence.
B. vocal descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
C. written descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; when behavior must occur; the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
D. a summary of the functional assessment; written descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; when behavior must occur; the contract manager; and the target behavior.